I HAVE LET DOWN A WOMAN WHO CAME TO HAVE A PROPOSAL WRITTEN TO BE SENT TO SALEH

DOES SALIM SALEH HAVE A MICRO - FINANCE?

Monday 31st January 2011, a lady called on me wanting a proposal document written for her so that she takes the same to Jumba the man who is standing for MP Busiro South Constituency on the NRM ticket. The lady gave the idea she wanted, and said she would collect the write up today morning. I was nice to her and took the piece of paper on which she had put the details of the proposal she wanted written. Today morning, she got a disappointment from me. I told her off. This is one of the living situations of the people we tell every other day the decay in NRM but they have failed to relise it. This is one woman who claims to be born again! The money is clearly a bribe and it is said that Jumba who resides in Bweya central Zone Kajjansi takes the prospect beneficiaries in his car and the meet Saleh. It is so unfortunate the decay we have to live with in the NRM leadership time. This guy Jumba can not win a Constituency which belongs to the Democratic party, but given the poverty levels into which NRM has put many Ugandans, he could get the constituency by using money. I cannot subscribe to NRM money. Let those who want to eat it, do but i for one, I was brought up in a real Christian family. My Late Father taught for years at Namutamba Teachers' College which the NRM has killed as has been the case with much of the infrastructure they found in place. I would be out of my senses to subscribe to anything NRM. The sooner the people of Uganda realized Uganda's problem with NRM leadership the better.
William Kituuka Kiwanuka

PROBE SALEH GIRL'S SHS 500 MILLION, SAYS BANK GOVERNOR

Ismail M. Ladu and Tabu Butagira
Source: http://allafrica.com/stories/201011110091.html
11 November 2010
The Bank of Uganda Governor, Mr Tumusiime Mutebile, called for investigations into the source of about Shs500 million stolen from Gen. Salim Saleh's daughter, describing its in-house storage as "suspicious."
"Why should anyone keep that kind of money in the house? It means that that money is coming from a bad source. If that's not the case, why do they fear to keep it in the bank?" he asked. "As the Central Bank governor, I am now concerned and they should be investigated immediately."
A spokesman for the police, to whom the governor passed the buck, however, said such an inquiry is unlikely because storage of such amount of money in a private residence is no "offence".
"It only raises suspicion, but it is not an offence," said Mr Ibin Ssenkumbi, the Force's spokesperson for Kampala Metropolitan. Four days ago, Nakawa Chief Magistrate Deo Ssejjemba, convicted and handed down an eight-year jail sentence to housemaid Caroline Saturday, for stealing $200, 000 (Shs460m) and Euros 2,500 (Shs8m) from Ms Doreen Kiconco.
Ms Kiconco is daughter of Gen. Saleh, a younger brother to President Museveni.
The money, enough to pay salaries of some 2,340 primary school teachers in Uganda, was stolen from Royal Palm Estates residential apartment in Butabika, a city suburb, mid last month.
Gen. Saleh's wife Joviah, who closely followed the case, said she would not divulge the source of the money because the enquiry was in bad faith, even when the cash was not hers.
"Write whatever you want, I don't care," she said. "If there's an investigation, they know where to find me - and I will tell them how I make my money."
Saying journalists are following the case because her family name makes newspaper headlines and sells copies, Ms Saleh added: "Go and write your rubbish."
Presidential candidate Kizza Besigye first raised the need to establish the source of the cash last Sunday while campaigning in Mpigi District.
"The poor girl was just tempted by the piles of money that she saw. She picked just a portion and left a lot of it there," he said. "Instead of finding out where the money came from, they are prosecuting the young girl."
President Museveni in October last year, suspended the former National Forestry Authority Executive Director, Mr Damien Akankwansa, saying authorities needed to investigate the source of Shs900m his wife Juliet allegedly stole from their bedroom.
Mr Mutebile said it was odd Ms Saturday's trial and conviction was expedited within three weeks. "The girl who stole the money has since been convicted so I want the source of that money to be made public as well," he said, adding that even Shs1 million is "too much" an amount to keep in the house. Mr Mutebile recently called for immediate arrest of businessman, Mr Michael Ezra, for flashing before journalists what he said was $3 million (Shs6.3b) in $100 bills.

BESIGYE CALLS FOR INVESTIGATIONS ON SH 500 MILLION STOLLEN FROM SALEH

Source: http://ssuubifm.net/kay/2010/11/besigye-calls-for-investigations-on-sh500-m-stollen-from-saleh/
Kampala:Presidential candidate Kizza Besigye yesterday called for investigations into the source of the nearly Shs500 million stolen from Ms Doreen Kiconco, daughter of Gen. Salim Saleh. Gen. Saleh is President Museveni’s younger brother.
Dr Besigye’s call came a day after Nakawa Chief Magistrate Deo Ssejjemba convicted and handed down an eight-year jail sentence to housemaid Caroline Saturday, for stealing $200,000 (Shs460m) and Euros2,500 (Shs8m).

Nepotism claims
The money, enough to pay salaries of some 2,340 primary school teachers (each primary class teacher gets Shs200,000 per month), was stolen from Royal Palm Estates residential apartment in Butabika, a city suburb, mid last month.
Speaking at various campaign rallies in Mpigi District, Dr Besigye, the Inter-Party Cooperation (IPC) flag bearer, said he suspects the cash could be part of what “the clique surrounding the President has been stealing from the public”. “The poor girl was just tempted by the piles of money that she saw. She picked just a portion and left a lot of it there,” he said. “Instead of finding out where the money came from, they are prosecuting the young girl.”
Gen. Saleh’s known telephone number was unavailable by press time and we were unable to reach his daughter. In October last year, President Museveni suspended the former executive director of the National Forestry Authority, Mr Damien Akankwansa, saying authorities needed to investigate the source of Shs900 million his wife Juliet allegedly stole from their bedroom.
Dr Besigye has made nepotism by the ruling government part of his rallying call on Buganda to ditch Mr Museveni and embrace change. “The system now is such that money is absorbed from the poor and goes to a privileged class surrounding the President and this includes his relatives, friends, in-laws and power-brokers,” he said.
However, Presidential Press Secretary Tamale Mirundi said last evening that Dr Besigye, who heads the opposition Forum for Democratic Change party, is sour-griping because “he’s now out of government”. “When he and wife Winnie Byanyima were both in government, why didn’t they complain of nepotism?” he asked. “He should lie low like an antelope because he has no new ideas to offer.”
Dr Besigye, a former political commissar of the Movement as the ruling NRM was called then, parted ways with President Museveni a decade ago after he authored a dossier detailing alleged digressions by the leaders from the original ideals that took them to the bush in 1981. This is his third attempt at the presidency.
Mr Mirundi said employees at State House are a collection of all Ugandan tribes, adding that where relatives are employed, it is because they fought in the National Resistance Army bush war. He said: “Guerrilla warfare is normally fought by close relatives who can’t betray one another.” He added that poverty eradication is a personal war and all government does is provide an enabling environment for hardworking people to prosper. “Poverty isn’t an invention of President Museveni,” said Mr Mirundi. “Getting out of poverty is a personal obligation; poverty is like a lion which one should confront alone.

THE DEATH OF THE WIFE IS UNFORTUNATE, BUT SUEING TAXES THE TAX PAYER

The death of Gloria Kyasimire is very sad and unfortunate, however, the move the MP is taking looks like a strategy to 'loot' tax payers' money if I may call it so. When one is an MP in a sick country like Uganda, the chances of dying even when one would not die may be about 50%. This is because of the circumstances the Health workers are in. Given that Gloria is with her creator, the good MP would do one thing, and that is to campaign against Museveni with the reason that if an MP could get his wife die the way she did, what about the other people who NRM "Museveni's" administration has turned to near paupers? The Doctors are among those who need to take children to good schools so that these can get the education to see them good professionals, but how many can survive on the merger pay by the NRM Government? It is time to take children back to school, where do these people get the millions to take children to good schools? If a nurse is given that little pay why shouldn't you expect to get a patient dying when she may have gone on an empty stomach? Let us be reasonable and use our heads right that way we shall find lasting solutions. The money the MP wants can do much more and may be he ia a beneficiary of shs 20m bribe from Government.
William Kituuka Kiwanuka

MP SUES MULAGO OVER WIFE'S DEATH
Sunday, 30th January, 2011
By Zamu Naluwooza
A member of the East African Legislative Assembly, Bernard Mulengani, has sued Mulago Hospital and AAR health services over the death of his wife.
Gloria Kyasimire died on February 7 at Mulago Hospital due to a blood mismatch shortly after a transfusion.
Mulengani, who filed the suit in the High Court, is seeking compensation of sh542,018,700.
The MP said the death of his wife was occasioned by the negligence of Mulago Hospital and AAR staff.
He contends that AAR classified her blood group as B+ when she was O+.
“AAR mixed it up the blood samples. They marked the blood sample of another patient with the name of my wife,” Mulengani said.
Mulengani said between 2009 and 2010, the deceased got antenatal services from AAR.
“In January 2010, she developed complications with her pregnancy and was admitted twice to Mulago. But one week after the second discharge, the same problem re-occurred, where upon she was re-admitted to Mulago. The doctors negligently carried out an operation, resulting into her death,” Mulengani said.
He accused Mulago of failing to read records of previous births by the deceased in the same hospital and relied on the records of AAR.
The MP also accused Mulago of failing to diagnose the cause of bleeding for a month and prematurely discharging his wife.
Mulengani also accused the hospital of refusing to accept his offer to donate blood and failing to stock blood.
Attempts to reach officials from AAR and Mulago Hospital were futile.

WHETHER MUSEVENI HAS SHS 20BN TO GET BUGANDA, THE READING IS TIME UP FOR HIM

Museveni may do whatever is possible and impossible to remain in power, but the reading is clean and clear: "TIME UP FOR MUSEVENI. HE IS MORE OF A LIABILITY TO THE COUNTRY NOW THAN AN ASSET."
The struggles Museveni is making against what he has done for the country and what he can add on are those of any one who see's that he is on the disadvantaged side. As some NRM poor chaps prefer to call him "Nyini sente" (meaning owner of the money), this is false aggrandizement. Much as I can appreciate the manipulation by many illiterates, I would imagine that most of our schools do a good job, they don't train empty tins. We must get matters of our country right. What was done by past leaders is wrong, but to leave a repeat by people who have gone to school and benefitted from tax payer money is an abuse of our integrity. Surely, Museveni may make, but as former leaders came and left, our prayer is that the good Lord shows him exit without shedding blood by innocent Ugandans. Enough is enough.
William Kituuka Kiwanuka

MUSEVENI UNLEASHES SHS 20BN ON BUGANDA
The National Resistance Movement has laid down what it calls a “zero graze” strategy for Buganda region, targeting ten groups.
The strategy, according to documents seen and from conversations with some party mobilisers will cost the ruling party as much as Shs 20 billion.
The Observer has learnt from NRM campaign strategists that President Museveni, who is now campaigning in Buganda, is ready to pull all the stops to ensure victory in the region, which has become unpredictable following bad blood between his government and Buganda Kingdom.
“We would rather lose in any other region but not Buganda. Winning the general election without necessarily winning in Buganda would undermine our leadership. That is why we must beat the opposition here,” a campaign strategist told The Observer on condition of anonymity.
The opposition, particularly the Inter-Party Cooperation (IPC), whose flag bearer is Dr Kizza Besigye, is also eyeing the Buganda region, hoping to capitalise on the relations between Mengo (the seat of Buganda Kingdom) and the central government being all but cordial.
The IPC, through its Buganda-based pressure group, Ssuubi 2011, has promised to deliver the kingdom’s cherished federal system of government if elected. Other promises include the return of Buganda properties seized by the central government when kingdoms were abolished in 1967.
Notwithstanding this, the Museveni team appears convinced that its costly plan will deliver the votes. The sum will indeed raise eyebrows among critics who accuse the ruling party of using public resources to campaign for its presidential candidate.
Only recently, the government wired Shs 6.5bn into the accounts of 321 MPs purportedly to help them “supervise government programmes”.
This move has been widely criticized as an attempt to bribe the legislators. Moreover, it came shortly after the parliamentarians hurriedly passed a supplementary budget of Shs 600bn, with most of the money going to election related activities.
NRM plan
According to the strategists we spoke to, NRM’s mobilisation is based at sub-county level to enable them reach the grassroots.
Ten leagues have also been identified in every district and sub-county, including youth, women, people with disabilities, workers/entrepreneurs, elders, veterans, institutions, media and district executive committees.
All these leagues are to be replicated in the sub-counties of each of the 23 districts in Buganda. This alone is to cost the NRM Shs16 billion.
“Our strategy is for each and every league to zero graze on its target group. The executive committee has been treated as a league in order to coordinate and oversee the mobilisation exercise,” the strategist disclosed.
NRM regional leaders are expected to meet with different categories of people, including opinion leaders, traditional leaders, spiritual leaders, veterans, NRM cadres, and former RC/LC leaders. They will address public rallies at sub-county level and participate in radio talk-shows and phone in to programmes.
The general mobilisation is to act as a curtain raiser in the communities in preparation for the candidate’s campaign rallies, and for follow-up purposes thereafter. This grand plan, sources have told us, is expected to extinguish the negativity generated by, among others, the controversial cultural leaders bill in Buganda.
Fearing the worst, the 50 MPs from Buganda belonging to NRM, and some ministers, have rejected the bill. President Museveni, however, insists the bill has been brought in good faith to keep the Kabaka and other cultural leaders out of politics.

But Buganda maintains its stance against it, saying it aims to weaken heir king.
For the NRM candidate to navigate this controversy without suffering a political backlash here, the region has been split into five sub-regions: East Buganda, West Buganda, South Buganda, North Buganda and Central Buganda. Each sub-region will have a chairperson, vice chairperson, secretary, treasurer and mobiliser.
Contestants in the local government race will not be appointed chairpersons so that those appointed “may be fully committed to the presidential/national campaign”.
The sub-regions have been assigned heads: East Buganda, which includes Mukono, Buikwe, Buvuma and Kayunga districts, will be headed by Hajji Hussein Mayanja Njuki.
West Buganda (Mubende, Mityana, Kiboga and Kyankwanzi districts) is to be headed by Ndawula Kaweesi, and South Buganda (Masaka, Rakai, Kalangala, Ssembabule, Lyantonde, Kalungu, Bukomansimbi and Lwengo districts) will be headed by Kityamuweesi Musuubire.
North Buganda (Luweero, Nakaseke and Nakasongola districts) is headed by Ssempala Kigozi and Central Buganda (Mpigi, Wakiso, Gomba and Butambala districts), by Mutebi Kityo. Hajji Abdul Naduli, NRM vice-chairperson for Buganda, heads the entire team of sub-region heads.
Budget breakdown
The budget has been broken down as follows: youth league: Shs 7m; women league: Shs 5m; veterans: Shs 3m; workers: Shs3m; disabled: Shs 3m; entrepreneurs: Shs3m; elders: Shs 3m; institutions: Shs 3m; general mobilisation (including media): Shs 7m; and executive committee: Shs7m.
The total sum per sub-county is Shs 44 million. The overall total for all 23 districts in Buganda is Shs 16 billion.
An additional 20 percent of the sub-regional structures will be Shs 3.2 billion for regional offices and additional Shs1.6 billion for all the five sub-regional offices combined.
Budget for office requirements
Administrator-Shs 800,000, two secretaries-Shs 800,000 (Shs 400,000 each), receptionist-Shs 200,000, office messenger-Shs 200,000, office cleaner-Shs 200,000, accountant-Shs 600,000.
Auditor-Shs 600,000, Cashier-Shs 400,000, two drivers – Shs 400,000 (Shs 200,000 each), furniture - Shs2 million, carpets-Shs 400,000, curtains-Shs 800,000, 3 computers-Shs 10.5million (Shs 3.5m each), public address system-Shs30m, 2 motor vehicles, fuel,maintenance-Shs 80m.

hbogere@observer.ug

THE CLERGY ARE DEMANDING TOO MUCH FROM KIGGUNDU

I think it is a fact that Engineer Badru Kiggundu cannot stop President Museveni in any of his excesses, be it the way he uses whatever resources at his disposal. Currently, the inflation is already being realised simply because of NRM money. The strategy to sort the problem is at the hands of Ugandans, they either let the country decay on with corruption and lack of direction or see a replacement for Museveni. Surely, things cannot go on as they are for long. a change is the way to go.
William Kituuka Kiwanuka

February polls worry clergy
By Stephen Posted Monday, January 31 2011 at 00:00
Kampala
Religious leaders have said failure by the Electoral Commision to address voters’ concerns could jeopardise next month’s elections. Under their joint umbrella body, the Inter-Religious Council of Uganda, the clergy last week said: “The Electoral Commission needs to pronounce itself on the incumbent using state resources to exercises his mandate and prerogative as seating President in the run up to the general elections.” “This should be in a way that does not disenfranchise his opponents.”
The public also expects clarification and tightening of the role of security agencies, use of thumb print by party agents in the authentication of Results Declaration Forms and use of transparent mechanisms for transmission of results from the polling stations to the sub-county onward to the district tallying centres. “The Electoral Commission’s issuance of clear guidelines for the media and political parties on the declaration of provisional results is paramount” Dr Zac Niringiye, who chairs the IRCU’s task force for peace, conflict resolution and transformation, said in a statement. He said this after a meeting of religious leaders with Police chief Kale Kayihura in Kampala on Friday. Police displayed four uniforms to be used in the general election. But Dr Niringiye said the public is concerned about the many uniforms the police are using. He said this could be abused by wrong elements during elections.

IS IT A SURPRISE IF SHS 3.7BN IS NOT SEEN?

Shs3.7 billion unaccounted for as NUSAF II kicks off
Posted Saturday, January 29 2011 at 00:00
What the people of Uganda have to know is that much of this money is a loan to the country which has to be paid back.
William Kituuka
Lira
At least Shs3.7 billion meant for the first phase of the Northern Uganda Social Action Fund (Nusaf)to fight poverty and improve standards of living in northern Uganda has not been accounted for as the second phase unfolds this year.
Dr Robert Limlim, the director of Nusaf II said Karamoja sub- region led in misappropriation of funds with up to Shs1.7 billion still unaccounted for although investigations to apprehend those who misused the money were still ongoing.
Dr Limlim said due to discrepancies in spending, several beneficiaries and officials did not return accountability forms to the management unit as required. “Slow but surely we are getting down to arrest those implicated in the fraudulent use of the funds,” Dr Limlim said while briefing district information officers, district Nusaf desk officers and journalists at a conference held in Lira on Friday. He said chief administrative officers of the beneficiary districts have been tasked to categorise the unaccounted for and unfinished projects and forward the list to the Nusaf head quarters for action.
The State Minister for Information, Ms Kabakumba Masiko, however, blamed slow process of prosecuting culprits on judicial officials, whom she accused of tossing some of the cases. Ms Masiko, however, said Nusaf phase II would be free of corruption and embezzlement, saying those implicated in phase I have been left out.
Meanwhile about Shs7.1 billion for the second phase of the programme will be released to the 55 beneficiary districts before the end of this month, according to Ms Masiko. Phase II which covers sub-regions of Lango, Acholi, West Nile, Teso, Karamoja, Bukedi, Bunyoro and Elgon is a specific investment loan of $200 from the World Bank to alleviate poverty in the disadvantaged districts in Uganda

WHERE DID SHS 20M BRIBE COME FROM?

Of course any body with some common sense cannot be taken for a ride that shs 20m paid into MP's accounts was meant for Government business. Since when did Government start taxing monies meant to do its business. Those taking us for a ride think that we are silly; we unfortunately are not. You cannot tax 30% of such money and then go around telling us that it is for NAADS business. I pity my O B at St. Mary's College Kisubi, Hon. Ssekandi, for whatever good he may have done in his career life, he is likely to be remembered for the role he is about to do, to see that the Bill on Traditional Leaders is passed. I thank God, because I am above such.
William Kituuka Kiwanuka

WHERE DID THE SHS 20M BRIBE COME FROM?


By Yasiin Mugerwa, Mercy Nalugo, Ismail Ladu, Isaac Imaka & Nelson Wesonga

A row is brewing between Ministry of Finance and Parliament over the source of the Shs20 million ‘bribe’ that was given to each MP ahead of the February 18 polls.
Even as nobody is willing to own-up the Shs20m ‘bribe’, the Deputy Secretary to the Treasury, Mr Keith Muhakanizi, and the Director Budget, Mr Patrick Ocailap, have added a new twist to the scandal—asking authorities in Parliament to “tell the truth”.
“The Clerk to Parliament (Mr Aeneas Tandekwire) is the one who paid that money to MPs,” Mr Muhakanizi said. “He should explain where the money came from. He is the accounting officer. That Shs20m was paid by the Clerk not Ministry of Finance.”
Who is fooling who?
But even as the Ministry of Finance passes the buck, the Parliamentary Commission says the Treasury must explain why they gave the money to MPs yet each year they get Shs10m under the Constitutional Development Fund.
“This is not our money,” the Parliament Public Relations Officer, Ms Helen Kaweesa said. “We maintain that we were used as a conduit to pass the money to MPs. We cannot be tasked to explain the budget where this money came from. For us we received the Shs20m from Ministry of Finance for MPs to monitor government programmes.”
She added: “This money didn’t come from our budget. Ministry of Finance asked us to pay MPs because we manage members’ payroll. They should be the ones to explain. In any case, they cannot tell us to explain the Shs20m when all the money we get including our budget comes from them.”
Whereas this claim of ignorance and blame game might look comic, the opposition say it is a sign of a bigger malaise in government—dishonesty and lack of an accountability system.
State House denies
State House—the other agency thought to be the likely source of this money—has also denied funding what is now a full-blown scandal. Ms Lucy Nakyobe—the State House Comptroller—whose institution only recently received Shs95 billion as part of the Shs602 supplementary budget, said: “That money didn’t come from State House budget. The MPs are the ones who approved our supplementary budget and we didn’t have any item to facilitate them to monitor government programmes. State House budget has nothing to do with the Shs20m given to MPs.”
But sources close to the Parliamentary Commission who asked for anonymity in order to speak freely, told Saturday Monitor that the idea was hatched several Thursdays back by members of the Parliamentary Commission linked to the ruling NRM party. The commission is the custodian of MPs’ welfare—and draws membership both from the NRM and the opposition.
According to the source, the idea was then sold to the Finance Minister, Ms Syda Bbumba, who forwarded it to State House for endorsement. The President reportedly okayed the deal, largely because he was convinced a number of his NRM legislators needed the financial hand-out to ably defend their seats in the February 18 polls.
To camouflage the “grand deal”, it was agreed that opposition MPs share the “loot” and help silence questions on Parliament’s role in failing to block the Shs6.5 billion deal as required under the Budget Act, 2001.
According to the source, with many current NRM MPs having lost the primaries in a chaotic election last August, and therefore not qualifying for party facilitation, this deal would help line their pockets as they run as independents.
The NRM has given each of its flag bearers Shs20m, while those vying for Women MPs slots have bagged Shs25 million each. “It was a difficult decision, but upon realising that majority of the NRM independents who lost in the primaries were to miss out on the Shs20 million given to flag-bearers, they approached State House to help them in their campaigns. In other words, the decision to pay MPs came from above and Ministry of Finance had to obey,” said the source.
“They argued that through monitoring government programmes like Naads at the time of the elections, MPs would kill two birds with one stone. This was not a bribe, the understanding was that the minority opposition members would not complain since they also needed money for campaigns. Ministry of Finance was asked to work with the Parliamentary Commission to draw modalities on how to help MPs.”
Commissioners clash
And the Parliamentary Commission has not been spared either. Some members are furious that they were kept in the dark about the deal. Whereas Capt. Guma Gumisiriza (Ibanda North) and Ms Justine Kasule Lumumba (Bugiri Woman) are said to have been in the know, the likes of Kaberamaido Woman MP Florence Ibbi Ekwau and Denis Hamson Obua (Youth North) had no clue about what was happening.
When contacted, Mr Guma said: “Nobody should pretend to return the money because it was approved by the legal department of Parliament. It was discussed and approved by the Parliamentary Commission. Did anyone steal this money? People should be honest and stop pretending.” But Ms Ekwau denies this: “We have never discussed this Shs20m bribe. This is corruption. If we discussed this money, how come it was never captured anywhere in the budget? Let those who claim that the commission agreed to defend their loot as individuals and stop involving the commission.”
Broke government
Ms Bbumba has since asked MPs to take the money even as she warned that government taps were running dry, six months to the end of the financial year. This means that various ministries and agencies are unlikely to execute the planned activities due to lack of funds.
In trying to salvage taxpayers’ money, civil society groups this week gave MPs a nine-day ultimatum to return the money or face legal action. On Thursday, just nine opposition MPs heeded that call—in a House of more than 300.

KINGS BILL: SPEAKER SUMMONS PARLIAMENT

SUMMONED HOUSE: Mr Ssekandi speaks to journalists at Parliament recently. PHOTO BY JOSEPH KIGGUNDU
By Yasiin Mugerwa

Posted Sunday, January 30 2011 at 00:00
Kampala

Speaker Edward Ssekandi has defied public anger against rushing the cultural leaders Bill and summoned Parliament on Tuesday to have the proposed law passed before elections on February 18, in fulfillment of President Museveni’s directive.
A memo dated January 28, circulated to MPs who are currently busy campaigning in their respective constituencies, reads in part: “I have been directed to inform you that Parliament will resume sitting on Tuesday February 1, 2011, at 10:30am… to consider the joint report on Legal and Gender (committees) on the Institution of Traditional and Cultural Leaders Bill, 2010.”
On January 6, President Museveni met Mr Ssekandi at State House Entebbe before meeting the NRM Parliamentary Caucus where it was reportedly agreed to have the Bill debated and passed before the elections. The directive later forced the joint committee to hold impromptu public hearings where the government tabled key amendments to the Bill.
Responding to allegations of President Museveni’s interference, Mr Ssekandi told this newspaper recently: “I cannot be directed by anybody. I act as I feel I should act and if I make mistakes they are my mistakes. I can’t interfere in committee proceedings, they have their own schedules. If their report is ready, then I will call Parliament and consider the Bill.” Expressing his thoughts on the controversy that has since been generated, Mr Ssekandi said he was confident that Parliament would be “able to bring out an acceptable Bill.”
Kampala Central MP Erias Lukwago, who together with Kyadondo East MP Sam Njuba, are in the process of drafting a minority report about the Bill, said: “We are not surprised. The way Speaker Ssekandi has been behaving regarding this unconstitutional Bill is suspicious. He is simply doing Museveni’s bidding and this is unfortunate. He first stopped the proceedings on the Bill until after the elections and later after visiting State House, he was forced by President Museveni to eat his words.”
“They are rushing to call Parliament to pass a Bill which is unconstitutional. Some of us are committee members, but we were sidelined with impunity and the committee chairperson, Mr Steven Tashobya (NRN, Kajara), and his friend Pherry Kabanda (NRM, Budaka Woman) conspired against other members.”
Out of 21 Clauses of the Bill, the government has since deleted 15 among them the proposal of handing government the power to withdraw recognition of a traditional leader, who engages in politics, the idea of creating an offence when a person compels another to pay allegiance to a traditional leader and the idea of punishing a traditional leader who provides a platform for members of a political party to discuss politics.
Tabled on December 17, 2009, the Bill, which seeks to bar traditional and cultural leaders from engaging in partisan politics, kicked off a storm with most vocal protests from Buganda Kingdom. Buganda boycotted the committee proceedings after the government refused to share the amendments with the Kingdom for effective discussion.
Most of the MPs who spoke to Sunday Monitor but requested for anonymity in order to speak freely said they will not attend the proceedings on the Bill, not because they are against the passing of the Bill but they will be busy campaigning.
“Unless they wanted us to fail, I don’t see why they cannot wait and we handle that Bill after the elections. They want to make us busy as our competitors are busy campaigning. In any case, some of us who come from Buganda and the people are against the Bill and we don’t want the President to say we defied him. The best way is to stay away and campaign,” an MP from Buganda said.
Buganda Caucus has since passed a bi-partisan resolution rejecting the Bill as unconstitutional and called for its withdrawal after government tabled amendments that substantially changed the original text. Buganda loyalists, human rights activists and legal minds have since vowed to sue the government if the Bill is passed into law.

WHAT IS GOOD GOVERNANCE?

GOOD GOVERNANCE DEFINED

Good governance has 8 major characteristics. It is participatory, consensus oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive and follows the rule of law. It assures that corruption is minimized, the views of minorities are taken into account and that the voices of the most vulnerable in society are heard in decision-making. (OECD, 2001).
Participation by both men and women is a key cornerstone of good governance. Participation could be either direct or through legitimate intermediate institutions or representatives. It is important to point out that representative democracy does not necessarily mean that the concerns of the most vulnerable in society would be taken into consideration in decision making. Participation needs to be informed and organized. This means freedom of association and expression on the one hand and an organized civil society on the other hand.
Transparency means that decisions taken and their enforcement are done in a manner that follows rules and regulations. It also means that information is freely available and directly accessible to those who will be affected by such decisions and their enforcement. It also means that enough information is provided and that it is provided in easily understandable forms and media.
Effectiveness and efficiency: Good governance means that processes and institutions produce results that meet the needs of society while making the best use of resources at their disposal. The concept of efficiency in the context of good governance also covers the sustainable use of natural resources and the protection of the environment.
Responsiveness: Good governance requires that institutions and processes try to serve all stakeholders within a reasonable timeframe.
Accountability is a key requirement of good governance. Not only governmental institutions but also the private sector and civil society organizations must be accountable to the public and to their institutional stakeholders. Who is accountable to whom varies depending on whether decisions or actions taken are internal or external to an organization or institution. In general an organization or an institution is accountable to those who will be affected by its decisions or actions. Accountability cannot be enforced without transparency and the rule of law.
Consensus oriented: There are several actors and as many view points in a given society. Good governance requires mediation of the different interests in society to reach a broad consensus in society on what is in the best interest of the whole community and how this can be achieved. It also requires a broad and long-term perspective on what is needed for sustainable human development and how to achieve the goals of such development. This can only result from an understanding of the historical, cultural and social contexts of a given society or community.
Equity and inclusiveness: A society’s well being depends on ensuring that all its members feel that they have a stake in it and do not feel excluded from the mainstream of society. This requires all groups, but particularly the most vulnerable, have opportunities to improve or maintain their well being.
Rule of Law: Good governance requires fair legal frameworks that are enforced impartially. It also requires full protection of human rights, particularly those of minorities. Impartial enforcement of laws requires an independent judiciary and an impartial and incorruptible police force.

This definition of good governance is taken from an OECD e-book entitled Citizens as Partners - Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making


UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE

The concept of "governance" is not new. However, it means different things to different people, therefore we have to get our focus right. The actual meaning of the concept depends on the level of governance we are talking about, the goals to be achieved and the approach being followed.
The concept has been around in both political and academic discourse for a long time, referring in a generic sense to the task of running a government, or any other appropriate entity for that matter. In this regard the general definition provided by Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1986:982) is of some assistance, indicating only that governance is a synonym for government, or "the act or process of governing, specifically authoritative direction and control". This interpretation specifically focuses on the effectiveness of the executive branch of government.
The working definition used by the British Council, however, emphasises that "governance" is a broader notion than government (and for that matter also related concepts like the state, good government and regime), and goes on to state: "Governance involves interaction between the formal institutions and those in civil society. Governance refers to a process whereby elements in society wield power, authority and influence and enact policies and decisions concerning public life and social upliftment."
"Governance", therefore, not only encompasses but transcends the collective meaning of related concepts like the state, government, regime and good government. Many of the elements and principles underlying "good government" have become an integral part of the meaning of "governance". John Healey and Mark Robinson1 define "good government" as follows: "It implies a high level of organisational effectiveness in relation to policy-formulation and the policies actually pursued, especially in the conduct of economic policy and its contribution to growth, stability and popular welfare. Good government also implies accountability, transparency, participation, openness and the rule of law. It does not necessarily presuppose a value judgement, for example, a healthy respect for civil and political liberties, although good government tends to be a prerequisite for political legitimacy".
We can apply our minds to the definition of governance provided by the World Bank in Governance: The World Banks Experience, as it has special relevance for the developing world:
"Good governance is epitomized by predictable, open and enlightened policy-making, a bureaucracy imbued with a professional ethos acting in furtherance of the public good, the rule of law, transparent processes, and a strong civil society participating in public affairs. Poor governance (on the other hand) is characterized by arbitrary policy making, unaccountable bureaucracies, unenforced or unjust legal systems, the abuse of executive power, a civil society unengaged in public life, and widespread corruption."
The World Bank's focus on governance reflects the worldwide thrust toward political and economic liberalisation. Such a governance approach highlights issues of greater state responsiveness and accountability, and the impact of these factors on political stability and economic development. In its 1989 report, From Crisis to Sustainable Growth, the World Bank expressed this notion as follows:
"Efforts to create an enabling environment and to build capacities will be wasted if the political context is not favourable. Ultimately, better governance requires political renewal. This means a concerted attack on corruption from the highest to lowest level. This can be done by setting a good example, by strengthening accountability, by encouraging public debate, and by nurturing a free press. It also means ... fostering grassroots and non-governmental organisations such as farmers' associations, co-operatives, and women's groups".
Apart from the World Bank's emphasis on governance, it is also necessary to refer to academic literature on governance, which mostly originates from scholars working with international development and donor agencies. The majority of these scholars has concentrated almost exclusively on the issue of political legitimacy, which is the dependent variable produced by effective governance. Governance, as defined here, is "the conscious management of regime structures, with a view to enhancing the public realm".
The contribution of Goran Hyden to bring greater clarity to the concept of governance needs special attention. He elevates governance to an "umbrella concept to define an approach to comparative politics", an approach that fills analytical gaps left by others. Using a governance approach, he emphasises "the creative potential of politics, especially with the ability of leaders to rise above the existing structure of the ordinary, to change the rules of the game and to inspire others to partake in efforts to move society forward in new and productive directions".

His views boil down to the following:
* Governance is a conceptual approach that, when fully elaborated, can frame a comparative analysis of macro-politics.
* Governance concerns "big" questions of a "constitutional" nature that establish the rules of political conduct.
* Governance involves creative intervention by political actors to change structures that inhibit the expression of human potential.
* Governance is a rational concept, emphasising the nature of interactions between state and social actors, and among social actors themselves.
* Governance refers to particular types of relationships among political actors: that is, those which are socially sanctioned rather than arbitrary.
To conclude, it is clear that the concept of governance has over the years gained momentum and a wider meaning. Apart from being an instrument of public affairs management, or a gauge of political development, governance has become a useful mechanism to enhance the legitimacy of the public realm. It has also become an analytical framework or approach to comparative politics.
Source
"Governance Barometer: Policy guidelines for good governance" Website of South Africa's National Party

EVERYTHING WITH FORTHCOMING POLLS MAY BE WRONG

It started with President Museveni nominating Kiggundu and Commissioners for another term. People raised concerns, but Museveni kept to his guns and Kiggundu is in control. There was registration of new voters and what people did not take seriously is the opening of new areas for registration among these the City Square. Now we see Voter cards are not being delivered and it is as if the Voter cards and National ID project were twin projects. We learnt that Kiggundu had discovered about 1 million ghosts and he alleges to have removed them. No prosecution and no body knows how he cam e across such ghosts no did he get the public to know them. He now says that registers are to be displayed 2 weeks to polls. Ugandans ought to scrutinize these registers because we are fed up of being taken for fools simply because NRM wants to remain in power. We are now aware that youths are being recruited and the purpose why the polls are expected to be violent is a concern by many. And now how can Ugandans be sure that the register Kiggundu is to display will carry th same names as that of 18th February?
Why don't the Uganda Voters decide to boycott the elections until what is wrongly done is rectified. We need to be more vigilant. Enough is enough, taking people for a ride yet when they are in need of a change. President Museveni has been in for more than two decades, those in sound mind know that the President of Uganda should be in office for a maximum of 10 consecutive years. Who has brains and cannot see that?

GIVEN THE BAD GOVERNANCE ON NRM, I ADVOCATE FOR BUGANDA FEDERAL GOVERNMENT BUT NOT MUTEBI PRESIDENT

Given what we are going through regarding manipulation by NRM and President Museveni not wishing to leave power, I stand out to advocate for a strategy that can see Buganda as a a region break away from Uganda's marriage for convenience which is proving a liability for the people in Buganda given that NRM leadership is at liberty to use what is at its disposal to see continued bad governance of the country as we look on. Many of us see avenues that can see Buganda which has existed for not less than 800 years regain its glory. The way Southern Sudan is doing it. This is not for selfish reasons, but when we get leaders who think that they are leading fools, then we are forced to do things as wise people would. A lot is going on during NRM time of administration which is unacceptable. Much as we still have so many people who are illiterate or semi literate we shall not be taken for a ride all the time. A man comes to be in office for 4 years and he now wants to be in office for 30 years! And even then he keeps dictating because he is at liberty to use the army and other arms of Government. He is at liberty to get whatever money he wants to do missions which are not a priority, we are looking on as the currency; Uganda Shilling depreciates. We know that the awarding of district status is a mandate of some authority, he is having his own yardstick to give any area that is asking for a district to have it! Surely, has Uganda sank so low? W deserve better. Merely because Museveni wants to remain in power is no passport to have policies which are to sink the country further.
However, I think no Muganda or person in Buganda worth his salt can wish Kabaka Mutebi to be President of a Federal Republic of Buganda. So, just keep him out of this proposal as proposed by myself.
William Kituuka Kiwanuka

SAVE KABAKA MUTEBI FROM PRESIDENT RONAL MUTEBI
Written by Tony Owana Thursday, 24 June 2010 14:03
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History is said to repeat itself, but there is no law that forces us to make history repeat itself, especially when such a repeat triggers off a well-known sequence.
At least that is the queasy feeling I got when I heard it repeated that Sabasajja Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, Kabaka of Buganda, should not hesitate to try for President of the Republic of Uganda.

Royal Republican
Over five years ago, a leading NRM light who wanted Kabaka Mutebi to steer clear of competitive politics bluntly advised that if he wanted political power, all positions right from LC I to state house were contestable.
Just last year, a top Mengo minister told viewers on Tony Owana's BAROMETER show at NBS television that there was nothing illegal about the Kabaka aspiring to the presidency of Uganda like any other citizen. Those who ignored Owek. Seggona Kalyamaggwa's poignant remark will pay in heavy coin in future…
Nearly fifty years ago, Baganda traditionalists who were genuinely convinced that the Kabaka had to be 'Citizen Number 1' even in a united Uganda, joined forces with clever opportunists to endorse Kabaka Edward Frederick Muteesa II of Buganda as President of Uganda. The late journalist Colin Legum cheekily but appropriately described President Muteesa as 'The Royal Republican', which however sent no warning into the minds of local praise-worshippers.
The contradiction was in a hereditary ruler taking charge of a constitutional republican democracy.

Primus Inter pares
In his own 'Desecration of My kingdom', Sir Edward Muteesa expressed his "first twinge of foreboding "when Obote rather than he presided over the flag-raising event that marked Uganda's independence in 1962.
He saw in it an unfair shift in prerogatives, correctly noting that it is his ancestors (rather than Obote's) whose activities had shaped modern Uganda. Sir Edward noted that in relation to the rest of Uganda, he and his subjects were to be considered 'primus inter pares'; first among equals.
A few years later, the late Dr. Naphtali Akena Adoko was to write in his 'The Uganda Crisis' that " No dead man has the right to rule the living, either directly through his own ghost or indirectly through heirs".
He was talking about kings in direct reference to President Muteesa who had just been ousted in a putsch. This was heralded by the UPC as 'The 1966 Revolution', while others called it a crisis.
Colonel Ronald?
Two weeks ago, a Luganda daily newspaper 'Kamunye' published a front-page image of 'Colonel Ronald Muwenda Mutebi' in battle fatigues, sending our millions of praise-worshippers into a frenzy.
Don't waste your time lecturing that the photo was computer-generated. The message that the Kabaka deserved to be a Colonel at the very lowest was more important.
So zealous were the praise-worshippers that they begged the Creator to turn the imagination into reality.
One youth told me with a straight face that the NRM/NRA had denied the king his true military rank for a very long time but that the 'unstoppable truth' was finally coming out!
Hoima sermon
And just a week ago, President Museveni again repeated his favourite exhortation to traditional rulers to steer clear of partisan politics lest they burn their fingers.
The most sensational scoop of the event, which was Omukama Solomon Iguru's coronation anniversary in Hoima, appeared in 'The Observer'. The bi-weekly quoted the President as (literally) swearing to behead Kabaka Ronald Mutebi for involving himself in anti-NRM politics.
'The Observer' is still apologising over this scoop, but anti-NRM activists are letting everybody know how 'Observer' editors were threatened with death and other sinister reprisals if they did not declare their original story to be lies.
The impression circulating on the internet is that the Kabaka of Buganda is facing the direst tribulations in the kingdom's history and that Obote's 1966 coup was a tea party by comparison.
Someone somewhere is psychologically preparing ordinary people to expect the worst from their own elected government!
Royal Republican II
Finally, some top Baganda politicians are now openly putting Buganda up for political investors to buy political shares, which they will cash after the 2011 elections.
The brokers and touts simply ask the suitors what they promise for the kingdom in exchange for Buganda's hand in marriage. It is likely to be a very polyandrous marriage; very many husbands for a single wife!
But at the Eleventh Hour, all these suitors are likely to be informed that the only safe guarantee for THE NAMUNSWA is for THE NAMUNSWA to occupy the country's most powerful office, a suggestion even their opportunistic livers and spleens will find hard to swallow.
But the die will have been cast by then and the only questions will be whether the lion can be safely denied his share and who the lion actually is.
Is there any way we can save Kabaka Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II from His Excellency Ronald Muwenda Mutebi, President of the Republic of Uganda?

FEATURES ON BALLOT PAPER FOR PRESIDENTIAL AND PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS

Adm72/01 6th January 2011
Press Release
Features on the Ballot Paper for Presidential and Parliamentary Elections
2010
The Electoral Commission wishes to clarify that the ballot paper for use during the 2011
Presidential and Parliamentary Elections will bear the following features:
1. The first column will have the full names of candidates, in alphabetical order;
2. The second column will have a colour photograph of the candidate;
3. The third column will have the name of the party and symbol, or independent
candidates’ symbol;
4. The fourth column will have space where the voter will tick or place a thumbprint
as a mark of choice.
After marking the ballot paper, that is, in the box beside the candidate of his/her choice,
the voter will fold the ballot paper once, lengthwise, and then put it into the ballot box.
Polling officials will take voters who may need assistance, through these procedures
during the issuance of ballot papers.
Eng. Dr. Badru M. Kiggundu
Chairperson, Electoral Commission

NRM SHOULD LEAVE GOSSIPING AND GET THINGS MOVING

Looks like we may still have to bear with NRM. If that is so, we must have a more active civil society and we should give them the direction since they are off course but are not ready yet to get out of office. There is a lot of sunlight energy, but people are talking with no innovations worth mentioning. We want people to reduce the rate at which they are exploiting the forests and environment in a non sustainable way, but we are behind schedule in that effort yet elsewhere a lot has been done to see these innovations. Cases in point:


FIREFLY 12 SUPER BRIGHT LED LAMP
Bright LED Lamp
Posted by Abigail Kehr 8 Jan 2011 - 16:57

The 12LED lamp provide many hours of bright light. The lamp comes with a rechargeable battery that can be charged with the included solar panel. The rechargeable battery in the lamp will last up to 2 years depending on how the lamp is used. Replacement batteries and replacement LEDs are available. The battery will fully recharge in 5.5 hours, if the panel is placed in direct sunlight. Please keep the lamp inside when charging.

Kit contents:
- 12LED lamp
- 1.0W Solar Panel

Product Specifications:
Battery: 900mAh NiCd (2 year*), 1200mAh NiMd (4 year^)
Solar Panel: 1.0W Polycrystaline
Panel Wire: 4 meters
Battery Protection: Overcharge and Overdischarge
Runtime HIGH Setting: 4 hours
Runtime on MEDIUM Setting: 7 hours
Runtime LOW Setting: 50 hours
Charging Time: 6hrs Solar or 3hrs AC
AC Charging: an AC charger is also available
*400-500 cycles, 1 cycle = 1.5 nights @4hours/night = 2 years (may vary depending on user behavior)
^800-1000 cycles, 1 cycle = 3 nights @ 4hours/night = 4 years (may vary depending on user behavior)

SOLAR COOKERS
The three most common types of solar cookers are box cookers, curved concentrators (parabolics) and panel cookers. Hundreds — if not thousands — of variations on these basic types exist. Additionally, several large-scale solar cooking systems have been developed to meet the needs of institutions worldwide.

A GIRL WITH A BOX COOKER
BOX COOKERS
Box cookers cook at moderate to high temperatures and often accommodate multiple pots. Worldwide, they are the most widespread. There are several hundred thousand in India alone.
Overview of box-type designs
Box-type cookers are another group of old but popular type of solar cookers. The very first design of box-type cooker was probably that of Nicholas-de-Saussure (1740-1799). It was simply an insulated box with glazing; this design forms the basis of all the present designs of box-type cookers including Richard Wareham’s (1995) Sunstove.
The box cookers presented here are classified on the basis of presence or absence of reflectors, i.e., those without or with mirrors boosters. The cookers of the second category are further divided into five groups.


PRINCIPLES OF SOLAR BOX COOKER DESIGN

By Mark Aalfs, Solar Cookers International - aalfs@yahoo.com

People use solar cookers primarily to cook food and pasteurize water, although additional uses are continually being developed. Numerous factors including access to materials, availability of traditional cooking fuels, climate, food preferences, cultural factors, and technical capabilities, affect people's approach to solar cooking.
With an understanding of basic principles of solar energy and access to simple materials such as cardboard, aluminum foil, and glass, one can build an effective solar cooking device. This paper outlines the basic principles of solar box cooker design and identifies a broad range of potentially useful construction materials.
These principles are presented in general terms so that they are applicable to a wide variety of design problems. Whether the need is to cook food, pasteurize water, or dry fish or grain; the basic principles of solar, heat transfer, and materials apply. We look forward to the application of a wide variety of materials and techniques as people make direct use of the sun's energy.

The following are the general concepts relevant to the design or modification of a solar box cooker:
HEAT PRINCIPLES
The basic purpose of a solar box cooker is to heat things up - cook food, purify water, and sterilize instruments - to mention a few.

A solar box cooks because the interior of the box is heated by the energy of the sun. Sunlight, both direct and reflected, enters the solar box through the glass or plastic top. It turns to heat energy when it is absorbed by the dark absorber plate and cooking pots. This heat input causes the temperature inside of the solar box cooker to rise until the heat loss of the cooker is equal to the solar heat gain. Temperatures sufficient for cooking food and pasteurizing water are easily achieved.
Given two boxes that have the same heat retention capabilities, the one that has more gain, from stronger sunlight or additional sunlight via a reflector, will be hotter inside.
Given two boxes that have equal heat gain, the one that has more heat retention capabilities - better insulated walls, bottom, and top - will reach a higher interior temperature.

The following heating principles will be considered first:
HEAT GAIN

Greenhouse effectEdit Greenhouse effect sectionEdit

This effect results in the heating of enclosed spaces into which the sun shines through a transparent material such as glass or plastic. Visible light easily passes through the glass and is absorbed and reflected by materials within the enclosed space.
The light energy that is absorbed by dark pots and the dark absorber plate underneath the pots is converted into longer wavelength heat energy and radiates from the interior materials. Most of this radiant energy, because it is of a longer wavelength, cannot pass back out through the glass and is therefore trapped within the enclosed space. The reflected light is either absorbed by other materials within the space or, because it doesn't change wavelength, passes back out through the glass.
Critical to solar cooker performance, the heat that is collected by the dark metal absorber plate and pots is conducted through those materials to heat and cook the food.
GLASS ORIENTATION

The more directly the glass faces the sun, the greater the solar heat gain. Although the glass is the same size on box 1 and box 2, more sun shines through the glass on box 2 because it faces the sun more directly. Note that box 2 also has more wall area through which to lose heat.
REFLECTORS ADDITIONAL GAIN

Single or multiple reflectors bounce additional sunlight through the glass and into the solar box. This additional input of solar energy results in higher cooker temperatures.
HEAT LOSS
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that heat always travels from high to low energy. Heat within a solar box cooker is lost in three fundamental ways: Conduction, Radiation, and Convection.
CONDUCTION

The handle of a metal pan on a stove or fire becomes hot through the transfer of heat from the fire through the materials of the pan, to the materials of the handle. In the same way, heat within a solar box is lost when it travels through the molecules of tin foil, glass, cardboard, air, and insulation, to the air outside of the box.
The solar heated absorber plate conducts heat to the bottoms of the pots. To prevent loss of this heat via conduction through the bottom of the cooker, the absorber plate is raised from the bottom using small insulating spacers as in figure 6.
RADIATION

Things that are warm or hot -- fires, stoves, or pots and food within a solar box cooker -- give off heat waves, or radiate heat to their surroundings. These heat waves are radiated from warm objects through air or space. Most of the radiant heat given off by the warm pots within a solar box is reflected from the foil and glass back to the pots and bottom tray. Although the transparent glazings do trap most of the radiant heat, some does escape directly through the glazing. Glass traps radiant heat better than most plastics.
CONVENTION

Molecules of air move in and out of the box through cracks. They convect. Heated air molecules within a solar box escape, primarily through the cracks around the top lid, a side "oven door" opening, or construction imperfections. Cooler air from outside the box also enters through these openings.
HEAT STORAGE

As the density and weight of the materials within the insulated shell of a solar box cooker increase, the capacity of the box to hold heat increases. The interior of a box including heavy materials such as rocks, bricks, heavy pans, water, or heavy foods will take longer to heat up because of this additional heat storage capacity. The incoming energy is stored as heat in these heavy materials, slowing down the heating of the air in the box.
These dense materials, charged with heat, will radiate that heat within the box, keeping it warm for a longer period at the day's end.
MATERIALS REQUIRED

There are three types of materials that are typically used in the construction of solar box cookers. A property that must be considered in the selection of materials is moisture resistance.

* Structural material
* Insulation
* Transparent material
* Moisture resistance
STRUCTURAL MATERIAL

Structural materials are necessary so that the box will have and retain a given shape and form, and be durable over time.
Structural materials include cardboard, wood, plywood, masonite, bamboo, metal, cement, bricks, stone, glass, fiberglass, woven reeds, rattan, plastic, papier mache, clay, rammed earth, metals, tree bark, cloth stiffened with glue or other material.
Many materials that perform well structurally are too dense to be good insulators. To provide both structural integrity and good insulation qualities, it is usually necessary to use separate structural and insulating materials.
INSULATION
In order for the box to reach interior temperatures high enough for cooking, the walls and the bottom of the box must have good insulation (heat retention) value. Good insulating materials include: aluminum foil (radiant reflector), feathers (down feathers are best), spun fiberglass, rockwool, cellulose, rice hulls, wool, straw, and crumpled newspaper.
When building a solar cooker, it is important that the insulation materials surround the interior cooking cavity of the solar box on all sides except for the glazed side -- usually the top. Insulating materials should be installed so that they allow minimal conduction of heat from the inner box structural materials to the outer box structural materials. The lower the box heat loss, the higher the cooking temperatures.
TRANSPARENT MATERIAL
At least one surface of the box must be transparent and face the sun to provide for heating via the "greenhouse effect." The most common glazing materials are glass and high temperature plastics such as oven roasting bags. Double glazing using either glass or plastic affects both the heat gain and the heat loss. Depending on the material used, the solar transmittance - heat gain - may be reduced by 5-15%. However, because the heat loss through the glass or plastic is cut in half, the overall solar box performance is increased.
MOISTURE RESISTANCE
Most foods that are cooked in a solar box cooker contain moisture. When water or food is heated in the solar box, a vapor pressure is created, driving the moisture from the inside to the outside of the box. There are several ways that this moisture can travel. It can escape directly through box gaps and cracks or be forced into the box walls and bottom if there is no moisture barrier. If a box is designed with high quality seals and moisture barriers, the water vapor may be retained inside the cooking chamber. In the design of most solar box cookers, it is important that the inner-most surface of the cooker be a good vapor barrier. This barrier will prevent water damage to the insulation and structural materials of the cooker by slowing the migration of water vapor into the walls and bottom of the cooker.
DESIGN AND PROPORTION
Source:
Box cookers without reflectors
PARABOLIC COOKERS


Curved concentrator cookers, or "parabolics," cook fast at high temperatures, but require frequent adjustment and supervision for safe operation. Several hundred thousand exist, mainly in China. They are especially useful for large-scale institutional cooking.

PANEL COOKERS

Panel cookers incorporate elements of box and curved concentrator cookers. They are simple and relatively inexpensive to buy or produce. Solar Cookers International's "CooKit" is the most widely used combination cooker.

THE PEOPLE OF UGANDA CAN DECIDE TO BOYCOTT AN ELECTION

The opposition can decide to boycott the General Elections when they are convinced that things are not well. If Government deliberately refuses to print Voter cards for millions of people, it is not wrong for people who are now used to a cheating NRM to assume that this is a strategy to cheat. The reading on the wall is clear, 25 years in power, President Museveni is just trying to see that he remains in power, otherwise in eyes of people who think that this country can have a better future as currently there is no future worth mentioning, change is the way to go. Meseveni initially promised to be in power for 4 years, today, 25th January, it is exactly 25 years since his army captured power and has sine used tactics and tricks together with the army to see him continue as President, so when people come and complain that certain things are not right, they have a point. While people should be longing for a change, funny opinion polls show that he has over 60 which cannot be under normal circumstances.
The way leaders cling to power shows how many have failed to learn from history. Just on Tuesday 25th January 2011 I saw with my eyes youthful boys and girls who were from training at Bweya 8miles Entebbe Highway. Why does the NRM Government keep training such youths who are the most disadvantaged during its leadership? The formula used in getting these youth is not clear either. This is how dictators stay in power. They use machinery to threaten people, otherwise if Government was not having hidden agenda why would they expect people to be not to e peaceful? They now know that some unknown people may appear on polling stations and this type of youth should be ready to deal with them. Yes, because we are under developed and dominated by dictators, we at times have no choice but to resort to prayer.
God remember Uganda.
William Kituuka Kiwanuka

Opposition party FDC fails to block polls Tuesday, 25th January, 2011

By Andante Okanya
THE High Court in Kampala has dismissed a case filed by the Forum for Democratic Change (FDC) seeking to compel the Electoral Commission (EC) to issue voting cards to about four million newly registered voters before next month’s general elections.
Court presided over by Justice Eldad Mwangushya dismissed the case on grounds that a voter’s card is not the only document that can be used to identify a voter.
“My understanding of these provisions regarding issuance and introduction of voters’ cards is that a voter’s card is one of the instruments by which a voter can be identified at a polling station but is not the only instrument,” Mwangushya said.
The FDC on December 22, 2010 petitioned the court to compel the EC to issue the cards before the February 18 elections.
The EC had announced in October last year that it would not issue the cards since the internal affairs ministry was about to issue national identity cards.
Through its lawyer, Wandera Ogalo, FDC argued that the EC’s decision to allow the four million people to vote without cards would lead to abuse of the electoral process.
If the court had ruled in favour of the FDC, it would have meant delaying the elections to enable the EC print and issue the cards to the millions of new voters who registered last year.
The case arose on December 22 last year after FDC filed an application for a judicial review against the EC’s decision.
But in his ruling, the judge agreed with the EC that any person, whose name appears in the register, would be allowed to vote.
He dismissed the claim by FDC vice-president Salaam Musumba that the four million voters risked being disenfranchised.
When court heard the application on January 12, Ogalo submitted that according to Section 35 of the amended Presidential Elections Act 2010, it is a mandatory duty for EC to print and issue voters’ cards.
But EC lawyer Christine Kahwa argued that even without a voter’s card, a voter can still be identified on the polling day using the new photographic register, as opposed to the old text register.
The judge said FDC’s fears were based on speculation and that all stakeholders were duty-bound to ensure that vices like ballot stuffing are avoided.
“I do not understand how this would disenfranchise voters who have not been issued with voters’ cards. They will be allowed to vote,” the judge said.
He, however, added the matters raised by FDC should be considered to contribute to the better management of the polls.
Speaking after the ruling, Ogalo expressed dismay at the court’s decision but ruled out an appeal.
Lukyamuzi said the court should have considered the imperfections that have marred the previous polls.

POLLS IN A CRISIS?
By Isaac Khisa

Posted Tuesday, January 25 2011 at 00:00

With barely three weeks left, opposition leaders yesterday demanded next month’s elections be postponed until voters’ cards are issued to more than four million newly-registered voters to avert a possible crisis.
The government, however, responded that “it is not possible to postpone the elections because voters’ cards are not a pre-condition to voting”.
Road map
Information Minister Kabakumba Masiko told this newspaper last evening that the EC drew a calendar of the election roadmap which is being adhered to.
“We have a clean and credible register and we as government are doing everything possible that the elections are free and fair,” said Ms Masiko, who accused the opposition of wanting to delay the elections and plunge the country into chaos.
The call for rescheduling was made during a joint press conference held at Kampala’s Christ the King Church premises, following a meeting earlier in the day with the Electoral Commission, at which the leaders warned that the “voters register is fatally flawed”.
There are 13.9 million voters according to the provisional register released by the EC which figure the opposition and other stakeholders have questioned for a country where 56 per cent of its 32 million people are recorded as being younger than 18, the threshold of adult voting age.
Dr Abed Bwanika of PDP, Mr Olara Otunnu of UPC, People’s Progressive Party candidate, Jaberi Bidandi Ssali and an Independent Sam Walter Lubega convened the press conference. They also proposed an emergency summit to be attended by all eight presidential candidates, religious leaders and civil society organisations before polling day to find a way forward.
“We are laying the case that if we go to the elections, will it make sense to the electorate? The summit will give all stakeholders an option. However, the best option we see now is to stretch this election so that the EC has good time to provide remedies,” said Dr Bwanika.
Dispelling talk of boycotting polls, he added: “This is because in Africa, boycotting elections cannot make sense. It will only be Dr Bwanika boycotting and not the people of Uganda. If the country slips into violence, my people will also be killed.”
The opposition leaders say absence of voters’ cards, proliferation of ghost polling stations, a bloated voters register, multiple registration, and with foreigners and under age voters preparing to participate, the elections won’t be free and fair.
Calls for a postponement come weeks after the FDC sued the electoral body, seeking a declaration compelling it to issue cards to newly-registered voters.
EC Secretary Sam Rwakoojo has contended that Section 35(3) of the amended Presidential Elections Act, 2010, provides for voting without the voters cards as long as one is able to prove to the polling officer or assistant that his or her name and photograph appear in the register. Hearing of the case continues.
In the meantime, FDC leader Kizza Besigye, and his compatriots in the opposition vow they will announce their own version of the results. The opposition, whose repeated demands for broad electoral reforms were ignored by government, is adamant that the EC is not impartial in the matter and cannot be trusted to return an impeccable result.
Dr Besigye has unsuccessfully contested the last two elections which the Supreme Court found were not conducted in accordance with the law, were marred by irregularities, including rigging, but that the rigging was insufficient to have a substantial effect on the final result.
EC Spokesman Charles Willy Ochola yesterday said: “We are doing this legally and we should be allowed to do (our work) instead of being pessimistic.” He emphasised that no voters cards will be issued within the three weeks left to the polling days.
But unless the proposed summit restores the confidence of all interested parties, the country faces the real possibility that the official results released by the EC could be rejected.
Dr Bwanika warned that “we do not want to see what happened in Kenya, in Rwanda, in Zimbabwe and now in Ivory Coast.”
Police chief, Maj. Gen. Kale Kayihura last week confirmed that they were investigating about 10 known vigilante groups. The Force has, however, repeatedly said that the crime preventers are being trained to help maintain law and order.
But the opposition says that these groups numbering 30 individuals per village were recruited from amongst ruling party sympathisers – a claim Ms Masiko denied.

PNEUMONIA VACCINE 'TO SAVE THOUSANDS OF LIVES'

"Pneumonia has been called the forgotten killer. It does not get the same attention as HIV/Aids or malaria. Yet it claims the lives of more young children worldwide than both of them combined. ”

image of Fergus Walsh Fergus Walsh Medical correspondent, BBC News
Fergus Walsh By Fergus Walsh Medical correspondent, BBC News
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-12263356
A new vaccine against pneumonia is being rolled out in Africa which estimates suggest could save more than half a million lives a year globally.
The Gavi Alliance, a global health partnership of public and private sectors for immunisation, says 19 countries will get the jab at first.
Kenyan children have begun receiving it and Sierra Leone, Yemen, Honduras and Guyana will follow this year.
Infants in Nicaragua also started receiving the vaccine a few weeks ago.
Many more countries could benefit if the funding becomes available.
Gavi says it needs an extra £500m ($800m) annually for the next five years to meet a shortfall in immunisation for existing and new vaccines.

The pneumonia vaccine is given as a series of three injections

Preventable illnesses
The pneumonia vaccine protects against pneumococcal disease, the leading cause of severe pneumonia in children. It also guards against a form of meningitis and blood poisoning.
Pneumonia kills more children than any other illness, claiming around 1.7 million lives every year.
At the Langata health centre in Nairobi, scores of mothers brought their babies along for the first of three injections.
Beatrice Aching's son Wesley died from pneumonia in November. She brought her three-month-old daughter Tamara to be immunised. She said: "My son's death happened very suddenly. Wesley got sick in the morning and by evening he had died in hospital - I don't want that to happen to Tamara."
Nurse in Langata health centre, Nairobi, Kenya (January 2011) The pneumonia vaccine is given as a series of three injections
Leah Otieno's nine-month-old son Emmanuel got pneumonia before Christmas but recovered after antibiotic treatment - she says she is delighted to get him protected.
The charity Save the Children has launched a report, No Child Born to Die, which highlights the potential funding shortfall for global immunisation.
The report also says there is a critical shortage of 3.5 million health workers in poor countries, without whom millions of children will face illness and early death.
"Too many children are dying every day of vaccine-preventable illnesses and from the lack of basic healthcare," said Catherine Fitzgibbon from Save the Children. "The money needed for basic immunisation is in doubt, let alone for this effective new vaccine against pneumonia."
Price deal
In June 2011, the UK government is hosting a meeting of Gavi in London which will be attended by world leaders. The UK provides a quarter of all Gavi's funding - more than any other nation.
Continue reading the main story
Pneumonia has been called the forgotten killer. It does not get the same attention as HIV/Aids or malaria. Yet it claims the lives of more young children worldwide than both of them combined. ”
image of Fergus Walsh Fergus Walsh Medical correspondent, BBC News
Save the Children says it will be campaigning for rich nations to increase support for global immunisation, and for the pharmaceutical industry to lower the price of vaccines.
The pneumococcal vaccine costs £2.20 ($3.50) in Africa compared to £38 in Europe as a result of a deal between Gavi and two manufacturers: Pfizer and GSK. The roll-out in the developing world comes just a year after the same vaccine was introduced in the United States.
GSK said the discounted price is only fractionally above the cost of production. A spokesman said the vaccine takes a year to produce and is the most technically sophisticated of all its vaccines.
A second vaccine against rotavirus - the main cause of serious diarrhoea - is also being ready to be rolled out. But this, too, is far more expensive than the basic childhood vaccines against diseases like measles, whooping cough and polio.
Pneumonia and diarrhoea account for a third of all deaths in young children in the developing world. Gavi and Save the Children say a comprehensive roll-out of the pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines could potentially prevent more than one million deaths annually.

WHY DO PROFESSIONALS LEAVE THEIR CAREERS AND OPT FOR POLITICS IN UGANDA?

WHY DO PROFESSIONALS LEAVE THEIR CAREERS AND OPT FOR POLITICS IN UGANDA?
The Principles of Decentralization are entrenched in Uganda’s Constitution and the Local Government Act. These provisions empower Local Governments with responsibilities of allocation of public resources, integrated participatory planning and budgeting, local resource mobilization and investment management within their areas of jurisdiction. The decentralization policy aims at improving service delivery, accessibility to services and reduction of poverty.
The reason why people who are well qualified (Medical Doctors, Engineers; to mention some) leave their would be paying professions and opt to compete for Local Government positions can be found in the study below which was undertaken by The Economic Policy Research Centre (EPRC).
THE PRIVATE TENDER SYSTEM IN DISTRICTS STUDIED HAD VERY SERIOUS DEFECTS – ‘A GIGANTIC RIP-OFF.’
The Economic Policy and Research Centre (November 4, 2003) presented their study which showed that the private tender system in 6 districts studied that is: Mbale, Kamuli, Mubende, Masaka, Ntungamo and Arua had ‘very serious defects’ and amounted to little more than a transfer of money from the ordinary often very poor tax payers, to the pockets of richer tax collection agents and their associates. “Given that gross profit margins to tenderers vary from between 100% to almost 1,000% in the above districts, the private tendering system amounts to a gigantic rip off,” said Professor Frank Ellise, a Senior Consultant on the EPRC study team.
This happens because tax collection contracts for market places, fish landing sites and parishes are tendered out on the basis of an “assessed” reserve price that is supposed to represent the amount of tax likely to be collected from that market or site. Tenderers are usually permitted an “official” profit margin of about 20% above this reserve price. In other wards for an assessed revenue potential of 1million shillings, the reserve price would be shs 800,000. It is in the assessors’ interest to keep the reserve price low so that the tenderers have the potential to make very high unofficial profits on the taxes they collect… profits that can ultimately be shared with corrupt district officials, tender board members and local politicians.
The gap between revenue actually collected and the official tender price represents profits of as much as 407% in Kamuli, 558% in Masaka and an alarming 970% in Ntungamo. This money could have been obtained by councils if there was participatory involvement of the people. This situation is very discouraging especially when we consider that it is the poor who are being hurt the most and, in this type of circumstances, because there is a revenue gap in the local governments, the local governments continue to search for new ways to generate higher incomes hence burdening the residents with ever increasing numbers and types of levies, licences, fees and taxes to the point that multiple local level licensing and taxation, and its maladministration, is now among the leading cause of poverty in Uganda. (The Monitor, Monday, November 17, 2003).